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– Microsoft access 2013 uses a user-level security system free
User-level security in Access and earlier versions uses a combination of passwords and permissions — a set of attributes that specifies the kinds of access. This article explains how to encrypt an Access database by using a database password, and how to decrypt a database and remove its password.
Microsoft access 2013 uses a user-level security system free. Microsoft Access: Is it still relevant in 2022?
User-level security in Access and earlier versions uses a combination of passwords and permissions — a set of attributes that specifies the kinds of access. This article explains how to encrypt an Access database by using a database password, and how to decrypt a database and remove its password.
Microsoft access 2013 uses a user-level security system free –
If you created a database in a version of Access before Access and you applied user-level security to that database, those security settings remain in place when you open that file in Access or higher. In addition, you can start the security tools provided by Microsoft Office Access — the User-Level Security Wizard and the various user and group permission dialog boxes — from later versions of Access.
This article explains how the Access security features work, and it explains how to start and use them in Access or higher. Note: The information in this article applies only to a database created in Access or earlier versions an.
User-level security is not available for databases created in Access or higher. Also, if you convert your. How user-level security behaves in Access or higher. Overview of Access user-level security. Set user-level security. Remove user-level security. Object permissions reference. Access and later versions provides user-level security only for databases that use Access and earlier file formats.
In later versions, if you open a database created in an earlier version of Access, and that database has user-level security applied, that security feature will work as designed for that database.
For example, users must enter a password to use the database. In addition, you can start and run the various security tools provided by Access and earlier versions, such as the User-Level Security Wizard and the various user and group permission dialog boxes. As you proceed, remember that those tools become available only when you open an. If you convert the files to the.
The following sections provide background information about user-level security in Access and earlier versions. If you are already familiar with the previous security model and user-level security, you can skip these sections and go directly to Set user-level security or Remove user-level security , later in this article. User-level security in Access resembles the security mechanisms on server-based systems — it uses passwords and permissions to allow or restrict the access of individuals, or groups of individuals, to the objects in your database.
In Access or earlier versions, when you implement user-level security in an Access database, a database administrator or an object’s owner can control the actions that individual users, or groups of users, can perform on the tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros in the database.
For example, one group of users can change the objects in a database, another group can only enter data into certain tables, and a third group can only view the data in a set of reports. User-level security in Access and earlier versions uses a combination of passwords and permissions — a set of attributes that specifies the kinds of access that a user has to the data or objects in a database.
You can set passwords and permissions for individuals or groups of individuals, and those combinations of passwords and permissions become security accounts that define the users and groups of users who are allowed access to the objects in your database.
In turn, the combination of users and groups is known as a workgroup, and Access stores that information in a workgroup information file. At startup, Access reads the workgroup information file and enforces the permissions based on the data in the file. By default, Access provides a built-in user ID and two built-in groups. In turn, the Users group has full permissions on all the objects in a database. In addition, the Admin ID is also a member of the Admins group.
The Admins group must contain at least one user ID there must be a database administrator , and the Admin ID is the default database administrator until you change it. When you start Access or earlier versions, Access assigns the Admin user ID to you and thus makes you a member of each default group. That ID and those groups Admin and Users give all users full permissions on all the objects in a database — this means that any user can open, view, and change all the objects in all.
One way to implement user-level security in Access or earlier versions is to change the permissions for the Users group and add new administrators to the Admins groups. When you do so, Access automatically assigns new users to the Users group. When you take those steps, users must log in with a password whenever they open the protected database. However, if you need to implement more specific security — allow one group of users to enter data and another to only read that data, for example — you must create additional users and groups, and grant them specific permissions to some or all of the objects in the database.
Implementing that type of user-level security can become a complex task. To help simplify the process, Access provides the User-Level Security Wizard, which makes it easier to create users and groups in a one-step process. The User-Level Security Wizard helps you to assign permissions and create user and group accounts. User accounts contain user names and unique personal ID numbers PIDs needed to manage a user’s permissions to view, use, or change database objects in an Access workgroup.
Group accounts are a collection of user accounts that, in turn, reside in a workgroup. Access uses a group name and PID to identify each work group, and the permissions assigned to a group apply to all users in the group. For more information about using the wizard, see Set user-level security , later in this article. After you complete the wizard, you can manually assign, modify, or remove permissions for user and group accounts in your workgroup for a database and its existing tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros.
You can also set the default permissions that Access assigns for any new tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros that you or another user add to a database. In Access and earlier versions, a workgroup is a group of users in a multiuser environment who share data. A workgroup information file contains the user and group accounts, passwords, and permissions set for each individual user or group of users. When you open a database, Access reads the data in the workgroup information file and enforces the security settings that the file contains.
In turn, a user account is a combination of user name and personal ID PID that Access creates to manage the user’s permissions. Permissions assigned to a group apply to all users in the group. Those security accounts can then be assigned permissions for databases and their tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros.
The permissions themselves are stored in the security-enabled database. The first time a user runs Access or earlier versions, Access automatically creates an Access workgroup information file that is identified by the name and organization information that the user specifies when he installs Access.
For Access , the setup program adds the relative location of this workgroup information file to the following registry keys:. Because this information is often easy to determine, it is possible for unauthorized users to create another version of this workgroup information file. Consequently, unauthorized users could assume the irrevocable permissions of an administrator account a member of the Admins group in the workgroup defined by that workgroup information file. To prevent unauthorized users from assuming these permissions, create a new workgroup information file, and specify a workgroup ID WID , a case-sensitive alphanumeric string from 4 to 20 characters long that you enter when you create a new workgroup information file.
Creating a new workgroup uniquely identifies the Admin group for this workgroup file. Only someone who knows the WID will be able to create a copy of the workgroup information file. To create the new file, you use the User-Level Security Wizard. Important: Be sure to write down your exact name, organization, and workgroup ID — including whether letters are uppercase or lowercase for all three entries — and keep them in a secure place.
If you must re-create the workgroup information file, you must supply the exact same name, organization, and workgroup ID. If you forget or lose these entries, you might lose access to your databases. User-level security recognizes two types of permissions: explicit and implicit.
Explicit permissions are those permissions that are granted directly to a user account; no other users are affected. Implicit permissions are the permissions granted to a group account. Adding a user to that group grants the group’s permissions to that user; removing a user from the group takes away the group’s permissions from that user.
When a user attempts to perform an operation on a database object that employs security features, that user’s set of permissions are based on the intersection of that user’s explicit and implicit permissions. A user’s security level is always the least restrictive of that user’s explicit permissions and the permissions of any and all groups to which that user belongs.
For this reason, the least complicated way to administer a workgroup is to create new groups and assign permissions to the groups, rather than to individual users. Then you can change individual users’ permissions by adding or removing those users from groups. Also, if you need to grant new permissions, you can grant them to all members of a group in a single operation.
Members of the Admins group of the workgroup information file in use when the database was created. Even though users might not be able to currently perform an action, they might be able to grant themselves permissions to perform the action.
This is true if a user is a member of the Admins group, or if a user is the owner of an object. The user who creates a table, query, form, report, or macro is the owner of that object. Additionally, the group of users that can change permissions in the database can also change the ownership of these objects, or they can re-create these objects, both of which are ways to change ownership of the objects.
To re-create an object, you can make a copy of the object, or you can import it from, or export it to, another database. This is the easiest way to transfer the ownership of objects, including the database itself.
Note: Copying, importing, or exporting doesn’t change the ownership of a query that has its RunPermissions property set to Owner’s. You can change ownership of a query only if its RunPermissions property is set to User’s.
The default user account. The administrator’s group account. This account is unique to each workgroup information file. By default, the Admin user is a member of the Admins group. There must be at least one user in the Admins group at all times. The group account comprising all user accounts. Access automatically adds user accounts to the Users group when a member of the Admins group creates them. This account is the same for any workgroup information file, but it contains only user accounts created by members of the Admins group of that workgroup.
By default, this account has full permissions on all newly-created objects. The only way to remove a user account from the Users group is for a member of the Admins group to delete that user. In effect, security in Access and earlier versions is always active. Until you activate the logon procedure for a workgroup, Access invisibly logs on all users at startup by using the default Admin user account with a blank password.
Behind the scenes, Access uses the Admin account as the administrator account for the workgroup. Access uses the Admin account in addition to the owner group or user of any databases and tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros that are created.
Administrators members of the Admins group can always get full permissions for objects created in the workgroup. An account that owns a table, query, form, report, or macro can always get full permissions for that object. Because the Admin user account is exactly the same for every copy of Access, the first steps in helping to secure your database are to define administrator and owner user accounts or use a single user account as both the administrator and owner accounts , and then to remove the Admin user account from the Admins group.
Otherwise, anyone with a copy of Access can log on to your workgroup by using the Admin account and have full permissions for the workgroup’s tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros.