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The download site offers: XenServer Disc1 & Disc2 – ISO; StorageLink Gateway and Manager – ISO; Workload Balancing – ISO; XenCenter Installer – MSI. 2. Put the Base Pack CD in the drive or browse to the location you downloaded the installation file. replace.me to. 3. If installing from CD. Create a server environment for multiple virtual machines, deploy, manage, and monitor their work from a computer desktop.
Installation Guide for Citrix XenServer PDF Free Download
This section describes the XenServer host control domain backup and restore procedures. These procedures. Because the privileged control domain is best left as installed, without customizing it with other packages,. Citrix recommends that you set up a PXE boot environment to cleanly perform a fresh installation from the.
XenServer media as a recovery strategy. In many cases you will not need to backup the control domain. This backup method should always be considered complementary to backing up the pool metadata. Another approach is to run the XenServer installation twice, selecting to back up the existing installation. This will create a pristine copy of the freshly-installed control domain that can later be. Using the xe commands host-backup and host-restore is another approach that you can take. The xe.
After completing the above steps and rebooting the host, you must ensure that the VM meta-data is restored. This creates a compressed image of the control domain file system in the location specified by the. If you want to restore a XenServer host from a specific backup, run the following command while the.
This command restores the compressed image back to the hard disk of the XenServer host on which. To use the restored version of the root filesystem, reboot the XenServer host using the XenServer. After the restore from backup is completed, reboot the XenServer host and it will start up from the.
If your XenServer host has crashed and is not reachable anymore, you need to use the XenServer. When that is completed, reboot the machine and make sure. VMs are best backed up using standard backup tools running on them individually. For Windows VMs, we. XenServer license keys are provided in the form of license files with the. A unique license. Citrix XenServer is available for free production use with no restrictions or time limits.
All you need to do is. Activation is a simple process that takes only a few minutes. It is required within 30 days of first installing.
XenServer and then again on an annual basis. When you are ready to add more advanced virtualization. Citrix Essentials for XenServer builds on, and extends, the capabilities of the free XenServer virtualization. To learn more about Citrix Essentials for XenServer and to find out how you can upgrade to it from Citrix. Once you have downloaded and installed Citrix XenServer , activating or reactivating it is quick and easy.
Select the check. A web browser will open and you will be taken to the Citrix XenServer activation web page where you. If Xen Center is unable to connect to the Citrix XenServer activation server, you will be asked if you. You will then be able to import. When you have completed the activation form, a licence file for each of the XenServer products you.
Finally, you need to apply the appropriate license key to each XenServer host. Locate the license file and click Open. By default, only license files with the. Alternatively, you can simply double-click a license file in Windows Explorer, then select the server to which. Each host system in a resource pool must be individually licensed. For example, if you are supporting four. XenServer hosts in a resource pool, you must install a license file on each of the four host systems.
A: If the license on a XenServer host expires or goes beyond its activation date while the system is. However, new VMs cannot be launched.
If the host system is then disrupted through a power failure,. Citrix strongly encourages customers who opt for the Citrix Essentials for XenServer annual license to. Xen Center and e-mail alerts when configured are generated daily from 30 days before the license is. A: All license files from XenServer 3. XenServer 3. XenServer 4. Q: This XenServer 4. Does this mean that the XenServer 4.
A: No. In general, XenServer 4. For some administrators,. A: Yes. First, license files may be manually installed using the xe CLI or the menu-driven local console. The host-license-add command allows a local license file to be installed on a particular XenServer.
For more information about using xe, refer to the XenServer Administrator’s Guide. Citrix strongly recommends using scp to apply a license file only as a last resort, for example,. If you experience odd behavior, crashes, or have other issues during installation, this chapter.
Citrix recommends that you follow the troubleshooting information in this chapter solely under the guidance.
Citrix provides two forms of support: you can receive free self-help support via the Support site, or. The Citrix web-based resources include product documentation, a Knowledge Base, and. There are three virtual terminals available during installation,. You should use the two additional virtual terminals solely under the guidance of your Citrix Solution.
It also describes how to create an XML answerfile, which allows you to perform. These can all co-exist on the same server, or be distributed on different servers on the network. The backslashes at the ends of lines in the example PXE configuration files shown below denote continuation. Also note that the three hyphens in the examples are necessary parts of the mboot.
Alternatively, you. The above examples show how to configure the installer to run on the physical console, tty0. To use a. Please refer to your server operating system manual for details for your specific operating system. Configure the DHCP server. Refer to document in the Red Hat Knowledge base for. On the server where you are going to house the installation files, copy the contents of the.
This structure allows you to install either both. To make driver disks available during installation copy the contents of each driver disk ISO. For example, copy the files in. The system should then PXE boot from the installation source you set up, and the installation. To perform installations in an unattended fashion, you need to create an XML answerfile.
The following is a summary of the elements. All values should be text in the nodes, unless otherwise. First there is the memory consumed by the Xen hypervisor itself; then. The control domain is a privileged. VM that provides low-level services to other VMs, such as providing access to physical devices. The xe vm-memory-target-wait command can be used to check if the control domain has managed.
Dynamic memory values must be within the boundaries set by the static memory values. The amount of memory reported in Xen Center on the General tab in the Xen field may exceed the values. This is because the amount reported includes the memory used by the control. The amount of memory used by the hypervisor will. To find out how much host memory is actually available to be assigned to VMs, get the value of the.
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This document contains procedures to guide you through the installation, configuration, and initial operation of XenServer. This document also contains information about troubleshooting problems that might occur during installation, and where to get further information. How this Guide relates to other documentation This document is primarily aimed at system administrators who need to set up XenServer hosts on physical servers.
As well as installing new VMs from install media or using the VM templates provided with the XenServer release , this guide also explains how to create VMs from existing physical machines, using a process called P2V. This enables better support for backup utilities and practises, and helps to reduce disk space requirements for storing clones of virtual disks.
For more information on this feature, please refer to the Storage chapter and the VM Snapshots section of the Backup and recovery chapter in the XenServer Administrator’s Guide.
This allows granting and revocation of access to XenServer pools easily and securely using existing IT infrastructure. For more information on this feature, please refer to the XenServer hosts and resource pools chapter in the XenServer Administrator’s Guide.
For more information on this feature, please refer to the Workload Balancing chapter in the XenServer Administrator’s Guide. Quick text queries provide a simple way to find resources, while the improved Search tab can be used to create more advanced queries as well as grouping and filtering the results.
Chapter 2. System Requirements XenServer requires at least two separate physical x86 computers: one to be the XenServer host, and the other to run the Xen Center application.
The XenServer host machine is dedicated entirely to the task of hosting VMs and is not used for other applications. Warning The installation of any third party software directly on the XenServer host is not supported.
The computer that runs Xen Center can be any general-purpose Windows computer that satisfies the hardware requirements, and can be used to run other applications simultaneously. XenServer host system requirements The XenServer host is a bit x86 server-class machine devoted to hosting multiple VMs. This machine runs a stripped-down Linux operating system with a Xen-enabled kernel which controls the interaction between the virtualized devices seen by VMs and the physical hardware.
It is possible your BIOS might have virtualization support disabled. Consult your BIOS documentation for more details. To support VMs running supported paravirtualized Linux, a standard bit xbased system with one or more CPUs is required. The system requirements for Xen Center are: Operating system.
Chapter 3. This chapter describes how to install XenServer host software on physical servers, install Xen Center on Windows workstations, and connect them to form the infrastructure for a network of Virtual Machines. The first sections describe the installation of a XenServer host and Xen Center , which are common to all deployments.
The following sections describe several common installation and deployment scenarios and provide information that is specific to each scenario. The XenServer host must be installed on a dedicated bit x86 server.
Note Do not install any other operating system in a dual-boot configuration with the XenServer host; this is an unsupported configuration. The installer presents an upgrade choice if it is run on a server that already has a previous version of XenServer on it. The upgrade process follows the first-time installation process but several setup steps are bypassed, and the existing settings for networking configuration, system time setting and so on are retained.
To install or upgrade the XenServer host Warning If you are performing an upgrade, please ensure you do not have any suspended virtual machines as these may not be resumable after the upgrade. Please ensure that all CD drives of virtual machines have been ejected and are empty, and that HA is disabled before proceeding with an upgrade. After the initial boot messages, the installer does some hardware detection and initialization, then presents a screen asking you to select which keyboard keymap you want to use for the installation.
Select the desired keymap and choose OK to proceed. If you have been provided with any driver disks, select Driver Disks. Once you have installed all necessary drivers, select Install or upgrade XenServer host and choose OK to proceed. The next screen displays a message telling you that the setup program will install XenServer on the computer, and warns that it will overwrite data on any hard drives that you select to use for the installation.
Choose OK to proceed. Use the up and down arrow keys to scroll through and read the agreement. At this point, if the computer on which you are installing the XenServer host does not have a CPU which supports hardware virtualization, or if the support is disabled in the BIOS, a message appears to warn you that you will not be able to run Windows VMs.
Warning Some systems have bugs in their BIOS software which can result in the setting being incorrect. If you get a spurious warning about a lack of hardware virtualization or do not see a warning when you expected one , XenServer Installation Guide Installing XenServer 8 hard reboot the host and restart the installation.
You should also check the support site of the hardware manufacturer for BIOS upgrades. If the installer detects a previously-installed version of XenServer host, you are offered the choice to perform a clean installation, or to upgrade the existing version, which preserves any of the VMs present. Select an installation type as appropriate and choose OK to proceed.
If you select to upgrade an existing version, you will get a message that the installer is going to create a backup of the existing installation. Choose Continue to proceed. Select the desired disk and choose OK to proceed. After selecting the primary one, you are also prompted to choose if you want any of the other drives to be formatted for use by XenServer for VM storage.
Format all required drives and choose OK to proceed. If the computer has a single hard disk, these two screens do not appear. If you are installing off the CD, you will most likely want to select Local media. If the computer has multiple network interfaces, you are prompted to select one of them to be used to access the XenServer product repository. If the computer has a single network interface, that interface is used to access the XenServer product repository and no prompt is displayed.
Following that, you are prompted to provide the URL or NFS server and path to where the installation media are, as appropriate. If you selected Local media, the next screen asks if you want to install the Linux Pack from a second CD. If you are planning to install only Windows VMs, you can choose No. Important In a pooled setup, the Linux Pack must be installed either on all of the pool XenServer hosts, or on none of them, so that they are homogeneous.
If you select Verify installation source, the MD5 checksum of the packages is calculated and checked against the known value. This will be the password that the Xen Center application will use to connect to the XenServer host.
If you elected to perform a clean installation, you are next prompted to set up Networking for the management NIC, which is the interface that will be used to connect to the Xen Center. Note If you selected to upgrade an existing installation, the existing management NIC configuration is used and these screens are bypassed.
If the computer has multiple network interfaces, you are prompted to select one of them to be used as the management NIC for the XenServer host software. If the computer has a single network interface, that interface is used as the management NIC and no prompt is displayed.
If you elected to perform a clean installation, you are next prompted to specify the hostname and the configuration for the name service. If you elected to upgrade an existing installation, the existing hostname and name service configuration is used and these screens are bypassed. If you select Manually specify, enter the desired hostname for the server in the field provided.
In the DNS Configuration section, if you select Manually specify, enter the IP addresses of your primary required , secondary optional , and tertiary optional nameservers in the fields provided. Select OK to proceed. If you elected to perform a clean installation, you are prompted to select the general geographical area for the time zone. You can type the first letter of the desired locale to jump to the first entry that begins with this letter. Choose from the displayed list of locales, then choose OK to proceed.
If you elected to upgrade an existing installation, the existing time zone and locale is used and these screens are bypassed.
If you elected to perform a clean installation, you are prompted to choose a method of setting the system time. XenServer Installation Guide Installing XenServer 10 If you selected to upgrade an existing installation, the existing method of setting system time is used and this screen is not displayed.
If you selected Using NTP in the preceding step, you are prompted to identify the time server or servers you want to use.
Otherwise, the installation script moves to the next step; you are prompted for the manually-entered time later, near the end of the installation. A message is displayed that the installation is ready to proceed and that this will format the primary disk and any other disks selected for VM storage, destroying any data that is currently on them.
Choose Install XenServer to proceed. Enter the correct numbers in the fields and choose OK to proceed. A screen appears, identifying that this disk contains the Linux Pack. Select Use media to proceed with installing it. Note If you selected not to install support for Linux VMs, a completion message is displayed. After the server boots, XenServer displays a splash screen, followed by xsconsole, a system configuration console.
Xen Center must be installed on a remote machine that can connect to the XenServer host through the network. Note The Xen Center installation wizard can be used to install previous versions of Xen Center , which can be used to manage previous versions of XenServer.
Running multiple versions of Xen Center on a single machine is supported. To install Xen Center 1. Then double-click on the file to launch the application installer. On the Custom Setup page, Xen Center 4. If you have any XenServer 4. Click Next to proceed. You can also select whether Xen Center is installed so that every user of the computer can access it, or only the user logged into the current profile.
On the next page, click Install to proceed. Note The installer creates a single desktop icon, for Xen Center 5. Note By default, Xen Center allows saving of usernames and passwords. Select Control Panel from the Start menu.
In Windows Vista, select Uninstall from the toolbar above the list of programs. Click OK to close the message box. XenServer hosts with local storage The simplest use of XenServer is to set up a simple network of VMs running on one or more XenServer hosts without shared storage. This means that live relocation of VMs from one XenServer host to another is not possible, as this requires shared storage. Install XenServer host software on the server s 2. Install Xen Center on the workstation s 3.
Basic procedure 1. Set up the NFS server 4. StartXen Center and connect to XenServer hosts 5. Consult your Linux distribution documentation for further information. Check to see if the portmap daemon is installed and running: chkconfig –list portmap portmap 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off In the preceding example, runlevels 3, 4, and 5 are set to on. That means that at boot, for runlevels 3, 4 and 5, the portmap daemon is started automatically.
If either 3, 4 or 5 are set to off, set them to on by running the following command: chkconfig portmap on XenServer Installation Guide Installing XenServer 14 2. Check to see if the NFS daemon is installed and running: chkconfig –list nfs nfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off If either 3, 4 or 5 are set to off, set them to on by running the following command: chkconfig nfs on 3.
Restart the portmap and nfs daemons as follows: service portmap restart service nfs restart The should now be exported on the network and you should be able to use Xen Center to point to it using the New Storage Repository wizard.
Open a console on any XenServer host in the pool. Since shared is set to true, the shared storage is automatically connected to every host in the pool and any hosts that subsequently join are also connected to the storage.
The UUID of the created storage repository is printed to the console. Find the UUID of the pool xe pool-list 4. Prepare the iSCSI storage 4. If necessary, enable multiple initiators on your iSCSI device 5. Run Xen Center and connect to XenServer hosts 6. Choose one XenServer host as a pool master and join other XenServer hosts to the pool 7.
Prepare the iSCSI storage 1. Repeat for each XenServer host in the pool. Since the shared argument is set to true, the shared storage is automatically connected to every host in the pool and any hosts that subsequently join are also connected to the storage. The command returns the UUID of the created storage repository. Find the UUID of the pool by running the command: xe pool-list 3. Chapter 4. Updating and upgrading XenServer This chapter documents how to update apply minor update patches or upgrade from an earlier version.
Rolling pool upgrade between major versions XenServer allows you to upgrade a pool of XenServer hosts to the next major version, while keeping VMs on that pool running and thus avoids service downtime. This is achieved by upgrading on a host-by-host basis, with only one XenServer host offline at a time.
Note This means that to upgrade from version 4. You can use Xen Center or the command line interface to migrate VMs running on a XenServer host running an older version of the product to one running either the same version or higher. It is not possible to migrate VMs located on a XenServer host with a newer XenServer version to one running an older version.
Citrix strongly advise against running a mixed-mode pool one with multiple versions of XenServer co-existing for longer than necessary. This is because the pool will be operating in a degraded state during the upgrade: all VMs will continue to function as normal, but control operations other than migration might not be available.
Operations such as vm-copy, vm-start, and vmexport are not available. In particular, it is not safe to perform storage-related operations such as adding, removing or resizing virtual disks in this mode. Backup Citrix strongly recommends that you take a backup of the state of your existing pool using the pool-dumpdatabase CLI command see the XenServer Administrator’s Guide.
This allows you revert a partially complete rolling upgrade back to its original state without losing any VM data. Warning Always upgrade the master host first. Do not place the host into maintenance mode using Xen Center before performing the upgrade as this will cause a new master to be designated. Performing a rolling pool upgrade Warning Disable HA functionality before performing a rolling upgrade.
The correct sequence for upgrading a pool of XenServer installations to a newer version is as follows: 1. Having CDs inserted during rolling upgrade can prevent migrations from working correctly, and due to the mode of operation of the pool while the rolling upgrade is taking place, it is required that this be done before the rolling upgrade is started.
The newer version will continue to operate fine on older versions of XenServer hosts. This is indicated in Xen Center by a blue paused icon. To get a suspended VM back into a usable state, you have to perform a Force Shutdown on it and then restart it. The pool master is identified in Xen Center as being the topmost server in the pool, and shows Server type: Master in the General tab when selected.
This will cause your pool to enter emergency mode. This is expected behavior. Boot the pool master using your XenServer installation media or network and follow the instructions for doing an upgrade see Chapter 3, Installing XenServer. On restarting your pool master, after a few minutes your pool will leave emergency mode and normal service will be restored.
You should select a XenServer host still running an old version of XenServer and migrate the VMs running on this XenServer host to the one you have just upgraded. Do not attempt to migrate a VM from an upgraded XenServer host to one that has not yet been upgraded. You will see an error message if you attempt to do this, and your VM will continue running without being migrated. Upgrade the member XenServer host you have just freed up following a similar procedure as for the master; shut down the host using Xen Center or the CLI your pool will not enter emergency mode this time , then upgrade the server software using your product media or remote installation repository.
This will enable new functionality and ensure the stability of your VMs. Running old versions of Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines on newer XenServer installations is not a supported configuration except during the upgrade process. Note In the unlikely event that a host fails hardware failure, for example during the rolling upgrade process, it is necessary to use the xe host-forget command to forget the host.
Failure to do so will result in XenServer remaining stuck in rolling upgrade mode indefinitely. Upgrading a single server Upgrading a single server is a simple process.
Simply shut down any running VMs, shut down the server, and follow the normal installation procedures. The installer will offer an option to upgrade your existing installation — be sure to select this option otherwise you will lose any existing data.
Check that the final confirmation screen displays has ‘upgrade’ mentioned. You will not be required to re-enter any settings during the setup procedure.
You will need to upgrade your storage to the new format to take advantage of these new features — this can be done using Xen Center and the xe CLI.
This upgrade is a one-way operation and upgraded storage cannot be used with older versions of the XenServer software. You can also verify this using the xe CLI using the pbd-list command and checking all PBDs have currently-attached set to true. Reinstalling the same version The following procedure describes how to “freshen,” or reinstall the current version of the XenServer host over an existing installation of XenServer host 5.
If any of your VMs are in the suspended state, resume them first, and then perform an orderly shutdown on them too. To shut down all the VMs automatically, you can also run the service xapi-domains stop command on the control domain terminal. The installation script identifies the version and prompts you whether you want to reinstall over the existing installation and preserve VMs.
Select OK to proceed with the installation. Preparing XenServer hosts for maintenance Before performing maintenance operations on a XenServer host that is part of a resource pool, you should disable it which prevents any VMs from being started on it , then migrate its VMs to another XenServer host in the pool.
This can most readily be accomplished by placing the XenServer host into Maintenance mode using Xen Center. Warning Citrix highly recommends rebooting all XenServer s prior to installing an update and then verifying their configuration. This is because some configuration changes only take effect when a XenServer is rebooted, so the reboot may uncover configuration problems that would cause the update to fail.
Perform the desired maintenance operation. Before performing maintenance operations on a XenServer host that is not part of a resource pool, you should disable it which prevents any VMs from being started on it , and then either shutdown or suspend its VMs.
To get a suspended VM back into a usable state, perform a Force Shutdown on it and then restart it. Disable the XenServer host: xe host-disable 2. If you choose to suspend any VMs, check that no CDs are attached to them. Applying updates Between releases of XenServer software, Citrix occasionally releases updates to the software.
These updates typically contain accumulated bug fixes and feature improvements. When an update is released, it is made accessible on the internet and an email announcement is sent to all XenServer customers.
Updates are applied through the Updates Manager dialog box, on the Tools menu. Updates sometimes have special steps that have to be performed after the update is applied, such as requiring that the control domain is restarted.
Whenever possible, updates will be such that they can be applied without interruption, but in some cases they might require XenServer host or VM restarts to be performed. In cases where a XenServer host restart is required, you can avoid downtime of virtual machines in a pooled environment by applying the update to each server in turn, migrating VMs away from each server in turn as the update is applied.
Xen Center can take care of this update sequence automatically on your behalf using the Manage Updates feature. If you are using the CLI, you will have to do this manually using the host-evacuate command. If using Xen Center , this is taken care of automatically where required. This will cause a UUID identifier to be assigned to the update, and information about which servers it has been applied to will be tracked.
Once an update has been uploaded to a pool or server, you can use the patch-list and patchparam-list commands to view information about the update. Citrix recommends that the patch-pool-apply command is used to do this; this will result in the update being applied on all servers in the pool.
Alternatively, the patch-apply command may be used to apply the update to one server in a pool – this may be useful when applying the update and then restarting individual servers in the pool. Pools should not be left in an inconsistent update state one where updates have been installed on some servers and not others.
For information about this, please see the XenServer Administrator’s Guide. The update procedure is basically the same for both a single server and pool scenario, except that in a pooled scenario you must ensure that the update is applied to all servers in the pool. This will be achieved either by using the patch-pool-apply command, or by executing the patch-apply once for each host.
These methods are described below. It is also possible to download the update directly to an appropriate location on the server, e. This UUID will be used to specify the update that is to be applied. Be sure to follow any guidance regarding the update before continuing, in particular any information provided about whether VMs should be moved away from the server or that the server should be restarted after applying the update.
As always, we recommend taking appropriate backup measures before making modifications to system software. Apply the update to the pool. Now the hosts field should contain the host UUID. XenServer Installation Guide Updating and upgrading XenServer 23 After an update is applied to a XenServer host, a small file containing the same information stored on the master from the xe patch-upload command is written to a subdirectory of the machine’s patch directory.
This enables XenServer hosts later ejected from the pool to repopulate their databases with information about updates already applied.
These updates can be uploaded again using xe patch-upload if required. Backing up and restoring XenServer hosts and VMs Citrix recommends that, whenever possible, you leave the installed state of XenServer hosts unaltered. That is, do not install any additional packages or start additional services on XenServer hosts, and treat them as if they are appliances. The best way to restore, then, is to re-install XenServer host software from the installation media.
For VMs, the best approach is to install backup agents on them, just as if they were standard physical servers. For more information about backup tools tested, best practices, and backups in general, see the Citrix Knowledge Base.
Backing up Virtual Machine metadata XenServer hosts use a database on each host to store metadata about VMs and associated resources such as storage and networking. When combined with storage repositories, this database forms the complete view of all VMs available across the pool. Therefore it is important to understand how to backup this database in order to recover from physical hardware failure and other disaster scenarios. This section first describes how to backup metadata for single-host installations, and then for more complex pool setups.
Backing up single host installations Use the CLI to backup the pool database. To obtain a consistent pool metadata backup file, run pooldump-database on the XenServer host and archive the resulting file. The backup file will contain sensitive authentication information about the pool, so ensure it is securely stored. If your XenServer host has died completely, then you must first do a fresh install, and then run the poolrestore-database command against the freshly installed XenServer host.
After a restoration of the pool database, some VMs may still be registered as being Suspended, but if the storage repository with their suspended memory state defined in the suspend-VDI-uuid field was a local SR, it will no longer be available since the host has been reinstalled.
If you restore to a different physical machine while the original XenServer host is still running, there will be duplicate UUIDs. Pool database backup is not the recommended mechanism for cloning physical hosts; use the automated installation support for that see Appendix B, PXE installation of XenServer host. Backing up pooled installations In a pool scenario, the master host provides an authoritative database that is synchronously mirrored to all the member hosts in the pool.
This provides a degree of built-in redundancy to a pool; the master can be replaced by any member since each of them have an accurate version of the pool database. Please refer to the XenServer Administrator’s Guide for more information on how to transition a member into becoming a master host. This level of protection may not be sufficient; for example, if your shared storage containing the VM data is backed up in multiple sites, but your local server storage containing the pool metadata is not.
To fully recreate a pool given just a set of shared storage, you must first backup the pool-dump-database file on the master host, and archive this file. Subsequently restoring this backup on a brand new set of hosts 1. Use the xe pool-restore-database on the host designated to be the new master. Run the xe host-forget command on the new master to remove the old member machines. Use the xe pool-join command on the member hosts to connect them to the new pool.
Backing up XenServer hosts This section describes the XenServer host control domain backup and restore procedures. These procedures do not back up the storage repositories that house the VMs, but only the privileged control domain that runs Xen and the XenServer agent.
Note Because the privileged control domain is best left as installed, without customizing it with other packages, Citrix recommends that you set up a PXE boot environment to cleanly perform a fresh installation from the XenServer media as a recovery strategy.
Another approach is to run the XenServer installation twice, selecting to back up the existing installation when prompted. This will create a pristine copy of the freshly-installed control domain that can later be restored if necessary by using the installation CD and choosing the Restore option.
The xe host-backup command archives the active partition to a file you specify, and the xe host-restore command extracts an archive created by xe host-backup over the currently inactive disk partition of the host. This partition can then be made active by booting off the installation CD and choosing the Restore option. XenServer Installation Guide Updating and upgrading XenServer 25 After completing the above steps and rebooting the host, you must ensure that the VM meta-data is restored to a consistent state.
This file is created by xe host-backup using xe pool-dump-database command before archiving the running filesystem, to snapshot a consistent state of the VM metadata.
To restore a running XenServer host 1. To use the restored version of the root filesystem, reboot the XenServer host using the XenServer installation CD and select the Restore from backup option.
Note After the restore from backup is completed, reboot the XenServer host and it will start up from the restored image. Restarting a crashed XenServer host 1. If your XenServer host has crashed and is not reachable anymore, you need to use the XenServer installation CD to do an upgrade install. When that is completed, reboot the machine and make sure your host is reachable with Xen Center or remote CLI.
Backing up VMs VMs are best backed up using standard backup tools running on them individually. Chapter 5. XenServer Licensing XenServer license keys are provided in the form of license files with the. All you need to do is to activate the product within 30 days of first installing XenServer to register your intent to use it with Citrix. It is required within 30 days of first installing XenServer and then again on an annual basis.
When you are ready to add more advanced virtualization management features, you can upgrade to Citrix XenServer via a license key, with no additional software installation or downtime. Citrix Essentials for XenServer builds on, and extends, the capabilities of the free XenServer virtualization platform, and includes High Availability, Dynamic Provisioning from single images, advanced performance reporting and alerting capabilities, advanced StorageLink technology, and automated Lab Management.
The License Manager in Xen Center lists all installed XenServer systems and shows the amount of time remaining before each product license expires or needs to be activated.
Select the check box for each XenServer product you need to activate, and then click Activate. A web browser will open and you will be taken to the Citrix XenServer activation web page where you can fill in your contact information and email address.
If Xen Center is unable to connect to the Citrix XenServer activation server, you will be asked if you want to save the activation details of the selected host servers to a file. You will then be able to import this file to the Citrix XenServer activation server later, once your internet connection is restored.
When you have completed the activation form, a licence file for each of the XenServer products you selected will be emailed to you. To install a license file using Xen Center : 1. Select the server in the Resources pane. On the Server menu, click Install License Key. To install a license file using the xe CLI 1.
For example, if you are supporting four XenServer hosts in a resource pool, you must install a license file on each of the four host systems. Note that while it is possible to mix free Citrix XenServer and Citrix Essentials for XenServer hosts in the same pool, the advanced virtualization management features available with Citrix Essentials for XenServer , such as HA and email alerting, will only be available if all the hosts in the pool have a Citrix Essentials for XenServer license.
Q: The XenServer license has expired. What is going to happen? A: If the license on a XenServer host expires or goes beyond its activation date while the system is still running, all active virtual machines continue to run as long as the host system is not disrupted. If the host system is then disrupted through a power failure, system restart, and so on , a Citrix Essentials for XenServer system reverts to Citrix XenServer -level functionality when its host is restarted. Note Citrix strongly encourages customers who opt for the Citrix Essentials for XenServer annual license to renew their new annual license before the expiration date to ensure the greatest degree of continuity.
Xen Center and e-mail alerts when configured are generated daily from 30 days before the license is due to expire, to give you enough notice to upgrade.
For some administrators, it may be easier to rename an older XenServer 4. The host-license-add command allows a local license file to be installed on a particular XenServer host. Additionally, you can use Secure Copy scp to upload a license file from a system where the license file resides to a XenServer host. Citrix strongly recommends using scp to apply a license file only as a last resort, for example, when Xen Center or a local command shell are unavailable.
Appendix A. Troubleshooting Note If you experience odd behavior, crashes, or have other issues during installation, this chapter is meant to help you solve the problem if possible and, failing that, describes where logs are located and other information that can help your Citrix Solution Provider and Citrix track and resolve the issue.
Citrix recommends that you follow the troubleshooting information in this chapter solely under the guidance of your Citrix Solution Provider or Citrix Support. Citrix provides two forms of support: you can receive free self-help support via the Support site, or you can purchase our Support Services and directly submit requests by filing an online Support Case.
The Citrix web-based resources include product documentation, a Knowledge Base, and discussion forums. The XenServer host installation CD runs Linux, so most standard Linux commands can be used to diagnose installation problems. There are three virtual terminals available during installation, which display the installation menu, an interactive console and an event log, respectively.
If a particular device driver did not load, for example, the driver for a RAID card, then the disks attached to that card will not appear in the output from the fdisk command.
You should use the two additional virtual terminals solely under the guidance of your Citrix Solution Provider. It also describes how to create an XML answerfile, which allows you to perform unattended installations. The following steps assume that the Linux server or servers you will use have RPM support. Check if the tftp server package is installed: rpm -q tftp-server If not, use system-config-packages and install. Restart the xinetd service, which manages tftp: service xinetd restart 5.
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